Raster VS Vector

Raster graphics refer to how an image is made up, when broken down it is a bitmap of sorts. Made up of hundreds/thousands/millions of micro squares of colour information known as dots or even pixels. Such graphics are found in digital art and photography.

This is high resolution and very detailed when containing high dpi (dots per square inch). The higher the dpi the smoother and more sharp the smallest of details are. The lighting and shadows pop more and look truer to real life. As all those pixels contain colour information they can each be modified. The editing possibilities are endless. Since there is a lot of information contained in these images, file size is also larger. The biggest con is that when Raster images are enlarged they become pixelated or grainy. This happens as there is a certain number of pixels so when you zoom in far enough the computer must fill up the the colour gaps. This gives a blurry image as the computer assumes a shade of the surrounding colours.
Raster image file format extensions; BMP, TIFF, GIF, JPEG.

Vector Graphics are mathematical point, line and curve equations used to draw shapes. Instead of encrypting 300 individual pieces of information per 1"x 1" square (300dpi) like a Raster image, a Vector image only contains 4 points, one for every corner. The computer will mathematically connect the dots and fill the missing information.
Because of this Vector graphics can be scaled vastly without losing any image quality. Vector graphics also are s much smaller file size. what is the problem with vector graphics then? complex images are not practical to create in Illustrator (the number 1 Vector editing software) due to the exact coloring. It can not match the colour detail in Raster images.
That is why Vector graphics are used for fonts and logos, simple illustrations.
Vector image file format extensions; EPS, AI and PDF.